Nutritional Immunology is important in immune defense and resistance to pathogens. Malnutrition or unhealthy eating is a major contributor to morbidity and mortality caused by infectious diseases, Excess nutrition, and its associated metabolic disorders impair immune function, and disrupt the relationship with symbiotic and commensal microbiota, thus increasing susceptibility to infectious disease. The actions of dietary compounds and in inflammation & immunity, examining how diet moderates the gut microbiome and mucosal immune responses help understand the importance of diet in coordination with immune responses.