Pregnancy is the period when the body’s demands increase physiologically and nutritionally. Extra care and increased food intake is necessary to meet the demands of the growing fetus and the mother. The daily dietary intake of women during pregnancy usually increases by about 350 calories. Folic acid reduces congenital malfunctions. Iron is required to meet the high demands of erythropoiesis (RBC formation). Calcium strengthens the bones, prevents osteoporosis in the mother, and aids in breast milk secretion. Vitamins B12 and C are to be taken by the lactating mother. Along with the diet, physical exercise and adequate rest also play an important role in maintaining the daily dietary requirement during pregnancy.
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